However, if CRM were as simple a tool as its definition suggests, why is the range of products offered on the market so extensive? Are all CRMs the same?
Certainly not. Does the difference lie in the functional coverage or the software's user-friendliness? Perhaps... Beyond the benefit of integrating a CRM into your information system, it's important to understand the necessity of adapting the tool to your specific industry.
From one company to another, business processes differ, and it is not possible to shoehorn all companies into the same software... To be effective, a CRM must first correspond to your activity. A CRM must be adapted to your current but also future organization.
Our partner, the CRM solution provider KOBAN details this week the right questions to ask when choosing the right CRM for your business.
What is a CRM for?
CRM is primarily a tool, not a magic wand. If the effectiveness of such a tool still needs to be demonstrated today, it is more due to a failure to adopt it than to choosing the right tool for the organization. According to the latest study by Nomination*, the specific CRM developed internally comes in third place in terms of equipment for SMEs. And yet, the level of user dissatisfaction is high... Proof that, however well a CRM may be suited to an organization, it remains poorly perceived and therefore poorly used.
Most often resulting from an initiative by senior management, CRM equipment is part of the company's overall strategy. The standard CRM functionalities must then respond to a motivation to improve the management of commercial activity.
The goal is clear: to structure the activity. However, not all CRMs are created equal. From the simplest to the most complete, the functionalities range from managing a portfolio of deals to managing customer/prospect relationships, covering all billing, sales management, and marketing processes. At all user levels, from the marketing department to the sales force, including the manager, CRM boosts growth through increased efficiency in prospecting and acquiring new customers.
Since CRM primarily serves to manage commercial activity, the corresponding functionalities are standard: commercial process, sales pipeline, collaborative calendar, messaging, geolocation... all these are ways to improve the daily efficiency of the sales force.
In practice, commercial processes can differ from one sector of activity to another. For example, a real estate developer will not apply the same sales actions as an industrial company. This is because neither the clientele nor the products sold are identical, and the prospecting methods will also be different. A CRM, which gathers all the techniques used by the sales force to track and manage customers, will have various channels to interact with contacts. The concept of CRM has therefore gradually expanded to meet the more current needs of existing customers, integrating multi-channel communication, data collection, and analysis.
Choosing the right "type" of CRM
As we've seen, whether simple or complex, a CRM tool is first and foremost about functionalities. When choosing a CRM system, it's easy to list the functionalities required for an organization. Faced with a very wide range of options, it's important to choose the type of CRM before the CRM itself.
The evolution of uses implies multi-channel customer relationship management. However, CRM functionalities extended to digital channels, through the collection and analysis of data for scoring or profiling purposes, are not offered in standard CRMs but in so-called analytical CRMs. Analytical CRM is used to discover customer behavior patterns, to determine targets, potential for additional sales, customer lifetime value, etc. Similarly, by definition, CRM allows you to manage the customer relationship, not the prospect relationship. Prospect relationship management consists of defining a relational process for managing prospects inspired by customer relationship management practices, on the model of PRM (prospect relationship management). The actions are different due to an obvious difference between the customer and prospect status.
These are all functionalities for different uses and types of CRM. It's clear that the SAAS model has greatly contributed to democratizing CRM by making it more technically and financially accessible for businesses in all sectors. The downside is the quest for the most complete tool possible at the lowest cost. However, each sector has specific functional needs…
Why are certain CRMs suited to some sectors and not others?
Let's take two sectors of activity: hospitality and transport. At first glance, everything sets them apart, and if they were to equip themselves with a CRM, the choice would be different for each. But what are the differences between them? The clientele? The sales process? The product? The hotel business involves notions of reservation, personnel management, stocks... Transport, on the other hand, involves the management of times, costs, delivery... Specific functionalities for each activity but... ultimately, isn't this more a question of a "language" specific to the sector rather than functionalities of a CRM?
As a reminder, in the strict sense, CRM allows you to manage customer relationships. In a more extended version, that is, adding Marketing functionalities for example, we should then speak of a "Suite". To add reservation or cash register management, we will talk about "integration". Having a CRM that is 100% adapted to its organization means talking either about "specific" or "personalization." When a CRM is only adapted to a single organizational model intended for a sector of activity, then we speak of a "vertical". Can a standard CRM adapt to several sectors or several organizations? Yes, fortunately. Because it is not so much the management of the customer relationship that differs from one sector to another, but the commercial management.
Choosing the right CRM is above all choosing the CRM adapted to your sales processes, taking into account the type of customer (or contacts) to be managed. Commerce in a BtoB context does not imply the same organization as in a BtoC context. In a BtoB context, customer relationship management software allows you to centralize and then improve customer knowledge, and offer products and services tailored to their expectations. Sales management and channels are different for managing a customer base of individuals. Individuals will tend to use digital, mobile and more generally Internet channels for their purchases. The buying journey can be either direct, indirect or both. Most CRM software is not suitable for BtoC due to the difference in management between a marketing department and its prospect base (mainly loyalty), and a sales department more oriented towards customers.
A scalable and customizable CRM, really?
You have the right 'type' of CRM, adapted to your sector of activity; now you need to find the CRM adapted to your organization. The mistake would be to go in search of the tool that corresponds to 100%. Because this tool does not exist, or you will have to have it developed to measure, which represents a cost. The appropriate tool is the one that you can customize and that will evolve with your company.
Most customer relationship management software is customizable: fields, sales process, sales pipeline, etc., so that they are perfectly adapted to the specific needs of your company.
However, personalization doesn't stop at simply adding or modifying fields. Personalization must go further by offering relevant settings that take into account the company's overall "business" dimension. A practically "tailor-made" setting that will "make your data speak". Each company and each sector of activity does not use the same data. From one company to another, the need is different. If we take our examples of the hotel industry versus transport, they use different indicators: the occupancy rate for the hotel industry and the tonnage transported per kilometer for transport... So many specific indicators that do not imply the same CRM settings.
Similarly, CRM customization implies the ability to integrate into a complete information system. Because a CRM allows you to manage customer relationships with its own specific functionalities, by linking it to your production tool or accounting software, you are able to cover all of your business processes without data loss. For a CRM to be functional and effective, it needs to be constantly fed with fresh, quality data from your system or third-party applications, thus becoming a true decision-making tool.
When defining a CRM project, evaluating the functional scope through specifications is essential, but to choose the right CRM, it is essential to look further. Understanding the company's business is essential to be able to list all the needs that a CRM must meet. This step guarantees the perfect match between the software and the company's processes and organization.
A CRM is not just a data repository; it primarily allows you to analyze your activity to better manage it. A CRM is a tool that must be able to adapt to the current needs and future evolutions of a company. Choosing a scalable solution is therefore essential to support development in a new market or the redesign of a business process, for example. The stakes can be considerable for an organization if the company's strategy is not taken into account at the start of the project.
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*Study conducted in November 2017 by Nomination with 427 contacts in commercial, marketing, and general management roles. Companies from all sectors based in France (27% micro-enterprises, 32% SMEs, 22% intermediate-sized enterprises, 19% large companies)
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